Smilax smallii

Foliage: The leaves are lance-shaped, dark green, and evergreen in warmer climates, providing year-round interest. The foliage is glossy and leathery, giving the plant a lush appearance.

Flowers: Produces small, inconspicuous greenish flowers in late spring to early summer. The flowers are followed by clusters of small, blue-black berries that attract birds and other wildlife.

Light Requirements: Prefers partial shade to full sun. Smilax smallii is highly adaptable to various light conditions, thriving in both shaded woodland settings and areas with full sun. In full sun, the plant tends to grow more vigorously, but it can also thrive in partial shade, where it may exhibit slightly slower growth.

Soil Requirements: Prefers well-draining, loamy soil. This vine grows well in a variety of soil types, including sandy and clay soils, as long as they are well-draining. Smilax smallii is adaptable to different soil pH levels, ranging from acidic to slightly alkaline (pH 5.5-7.5). Incorporating organic matter, such as compost, can improve soil fertility and support healthy growth.

Watering: Requires moderate watering, especially during dry periods. While Smilax smallii is relatively drought-tolerant once established, regular watering during prolonged dry spells will support optimal growth. It prefers soil that is consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulching around the base of the plant helps retain moisture and keeps the roots cool.

Temperature and Humidity: Hardy in USDA zones 7-9. Smilax smallii is well-suited to warm, temperate climates and can tolerate mild winters. It is adaptable to a range of humidity levels, thriving in both humid southeastern U.S. climates and drier regions. The plant is resilient and can withstand occasional frost.

Fertilization: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring to encourage healthy growth. An additional application in mid-summer can help sustain the plant during its peak growing period. Organic fertilizers, such as compost or well-rotted manure, are also beneficial for maintaining soil fertility. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive foliage growth.

Pruning: Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Smilax smallii benefits from regular pruning to control its size and shape, especially if it is being trained on a trellis or used as a ground cover. Pruning helps prevent the vine from becoming too invasive and encourages a more bushy and manageable growth habit.

Pests and Problems: Generally pest-resistant, but may occasionally be affected by aphids or spider mites. Ensuring good air circulation around the plant and avoiding overhead watering can help prevent fungal diseases. If pests or diseases are detected, treat with appropriate measures such as insecticidal soap or neem oil.