Oxydendrum arboreum

Foliage: The leaves are lance-shaped, dark green, and turn brilliant shades of red, orange, and purple in the fall, providing stunning seasonal interest.

Flowers: Produces fragrant, creamy white, bell-shaped flowers in panicles in mid-summer. The flowers are highly attractive to bees and other pollinators and give rise to the famous sourwood honey.

Light Requirements: Prefers full sun to partial shade. Sourwood thrives best in full sunlight, which encourages optimal growth and vibrant fall color. However, it can tolerate partial shade, especially in hotter climates, where some protection from intense afternoon sun can help prevent leaf scorch. In full shade, the tree may grow more slowly and produce fewer flowers.

Soil Requirements: Prefers well-draining, acidic soil. Oxydendrum arboreum grows best in rich, loamy soils with a pH range of 5.0-6.5. It is essential that the soil is well-draining, as this tree does not tolerate waterlogged conditions. Incorporating organic matter such as compost or peat moss can help improve soil structure, increase acidity, and retain moisture, creating an ideal growing environment.

Watering: Requires regular watering, especially during dry periods. Sourwood prefers consistently moist soil, particularly during the first few years after planting as it establishes its root system. Once established, it is moderately drought-tolerant but will benefit from supplemental watering during extended dry spells. Mulching around the base of the tree helps retain soil moisture and keeps the roots cool.

Temperature and Humidity: Hardy in USDA zones 5-8. Oxydendrum arboreum is well-suited to a range of climates, from cooler northern regions to the warmer southeastern United States. It can tolerate mild winters and hot, humid summers, making it a versatile tree for different environments. In colder regions, a layer of mulch can protect the roots from freezing temperatures.

Fertilization: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring to encourage healthy growth and flowering. A fertilizer formulated for acid-loving plants is ideal. An additional application in mid-summer can help sustain growth, especially in poorer soils. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers.

Pruning: Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Oxydendrum arboreum typically requires minimal pruning, as it naturally develops a pleasing shape. Prune to remove any dead, damaged, or crossing branches and to maintain the desired form. Light pruning can also help improve air circulation within the tree, reducing the risk of fungal diseases.

Pests and Problems: Generally pest-resistant, but may occasionally be affected by pests such as lace bugs or leaf spots. Ensuring good air circulation around the tree and avoiding overhead watering can help prevent fungal diseases such as powdery mildew or root rot. If pests or diseases are detected, treat with appropriate measures such as insecticidal soap or fungicides.