Medicinal

Chinafir

Cunninghamia lanceolata

$23.00 Sold out
USDA Zones 6–9 Full Sun and Part Shade Matures 40–60 Feet

Cunninghamia lanceolata, the Chinafir, is a fast, stately evergreen conifer with soft, fern-like blue-green needles and cinnamon, peeling bark, an heirloom of old Southern gardens.

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A towering heirloom of Southern gardens, with exotic grace, cathedral form, and a whisper of mountain fog from the forests of old China.

Cunninghamia lanceolata, the Chinafir, is a bold, pyramidal evergreen, long a curiosity and treasure of the Southern landscape and one of the oldest Asian conifers brought into American cultivation. Native to the misty mountain slopes of China, this stately tree has for generations lent a soft, needled silhouette and an ancient bearing to cemeteries, farmyards, and forgotten estate borders across the South.

The long, flattened needles, arranged in a more or less two-dimensional plane, give the branches a feathered, almost fern-like quality, a far cry from the rigid geometry of many conifers. The foliage is often a rich blue-green, and when backlit by winter sun the whole tree glows with a quiet, silken sheen. The Chinafir is frequently multi-trunked, and with age the trunks develop a deeply furrowed, reddish-brown bark that peels in elegant strips. Small, rounded cones form along the branches, offering visual interest without clutter.

Often mistaken by the casual observer for the exotic monkey puzzle tree (Araucaria araucana), Cunninghamia is altogether softer, more forgiving, and better suited to Southern soils and climate. The tree thrives in moist, acidic, well-drained soil, appreciates a bit of space to spread and breathe, and welcomes the occasional grooming to remove deadwood and open the elegant form to air.

Will this plant thrive in your zone?

Explore this plant’s medicinal profile
Plant Profile
At a glance
Hardiness
USDA Zones 6–9
Sun
Full Sun, Part Shade
Soil
Well-drained, Moist, Acid
Mature size
Height 40–60 Feet · Spread 15–25 Feet
Growth rate
Fast
Seasonality
Evergreen
Design Notes

Give the Chinafir room and a prominent place: a lawn specimen, a tall evergreen screen, or the anchor of an estate or historic-landscape planting, where the fern-like, cathedral form can be read from a distance and against open sky. The soft, needled silhouette suits a Southern garden far better than the stiffer monkey puzzle for which the Chinafir is so often mistaken. Site the tree where the winter sheen and the peeling cinnamon bark of an aging, multi-trunked specimen can be enjoyed, in moist, acidic, well-drained soil with space to spread and breathe.

Flower, Fruit & Foliage

Foliage. Long, flattened, lance-shaped needles in a broadly two-ranked arrangement, rich blue-green and feathered like a fern, glowing with a silken sheen when backlit by winter sun.

Cones. Small, rounded, woody cones set along the branches, ornamental in a quiet way and holding without clutter.

Bark. Deeply furrowed and reddish-brown on aging, often multiple, trunks, peeling in elegant strips.

Care

Read our full care guide

Light. Full sun to part shade.

Soil. Moist, acidic, well-drained; not for dry or chalky ground.

Water. Regular water through dry spells, especially while establishing.

Pruning. Little needed; remove deadwood and thin lightly to open the crown to air. New shoots often sprout from the trunk and base, and can be removed or left for multi-stemmed character.

Hardiness. USDA zones 6 to 9.

Medicinal & Traditional Use
Traditional profile
Tradition
Chinese
Parts used
Wood, Bark, Essential oil
Preparation
Decoction, Medicinal bath, Topical application, Essential oil
Active compounds
Flavones, Essential oil, Diterpenes
Research evidence
2 / 5
Traditional uses
Pain ReliefTopical ApplicationsReproductive Health
History & tradition

In traditional Chinese medicine and among the Yao people of southern China, the Chinafir, or shamu, has a long external and bath tradition: the aromatic wood is built into medicinal baths for rheumatism, body pains, and complaints following falls, the ash of the bark is applied to burns, scalds, and wounds, and decoctions and the wood oil are used for bruises and aches. Modern laboratory studies have reported anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial activity from the flavones and essential oils, though the research remains largely preclinical. This note records traditional use and early research only and is not medical advice; anyone considering a plant for health purposes should consult a qualified professional.

References & research
Please note

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This information is shared for traditional and educational interest only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional before any medicinal use.

  • Chiefly a traditional external and bath remedy
  • Not a substitute for professional medical care
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From rooting to shipping, our top priority is ensuring you receive healthy, thriving plants for your garden’s success.

Woodlanders Growing Process

Because most of our plants are grown from rooted cuttings — alongside seed, air layering, and grafting chosen for each variety — you receive a stronger, true-to-type plant that establishes quickly in your garden.

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Raised on organic soil blends and eco-friendly pest management — never harsh chemicals — your plant arrives healthy for your garden, your family, and the pollinators they feed.

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Grown in Aiken, South Carolina
At Woodlanders, we are committed to quality.

All our plant material is carefully propagated, grown, and nurtured at our humble nursery in Aiken, South Carolina.

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