Hardiness Zones: 7 - 10
Soil: Well-drained and Loam
Sun: Part Shade and Full Shade
Seasonal Behavior: Evergreen
Growth Rate: Moderate
Height at Maturity: 18 - 24 Inches
Spread at Maturity: 15 - 20 Inches
Leaf Appearance: The foliage of Aspidistra elatior "Variegata" is its most striking feature. The broad, lance-shaped leaves are a deep, glossy green with prominent, creamy white or pale yellow variegation. The variegation typically appears as vertical stripes or bands that run the length of the leaf, creating a striking contrast against the rich green background.
Size and Shape: Each leaf can grow up to 24 inches (60 cm) long and 4-6 inches (10-15 cm) wide. The leaves emerge directly from the soil on slender, sturdy stems, forming an upright, clump-forming habit. The overall growth is dense and arching, giving the plant a graceful appearance.
Texture: The leaves have a smooth, leathery texture, adding to their durability and resilience. This texture also helps the plant retain moisture, contributing to its drought tolerance.
Seasonal Color Changes: Unlike many other plants, the foliage of Aspidistra elatior "Variegata" remains evergreen throughout the year, providing consistent color and interest in the garden or home. The variegation is stable, meaning the pattern is reliable and does not revert to solid green over time.
Foliage Longevity: The leaves are long-lasting, with each one remaining attractive for several years before naturally aging and being replaced by new growth. This longevity, combined with the plant's slow growth, means the foliage stays neat and tidy with minimal maintenance.
Use in Design: The bold, variegated leaves of Aspidistra elatior "Variegata" make it a standout feature in any planting scheme. It is particularly effective as a focal point in shaded garden beds, as a ground cover under trees, or as an accent plant in indoor containers. The foliage's architectural quality adds structure and elegance to both contemporary and traditional garden designs.
Purple, underground
Light Requirements:
- Low to Moderate Light: Aspidistra elatior "Variegata" thrives in low to moderate light conditions, making it ideal for shady spots indoors or in the garden. Avoid direct sunlight, which can scorch the leaves and cause the variegation to fade. It performs well in bright, indirect light indoors or in deep shade outdoors.
Soil Requirements:
- Well-Drained, Loamy Soil: This plant prefers well-draining soil, rich in organic matter. A loamy soil mixture is ideal, but it can also tolerate sandy or clay soils as long as they are well-drained. If planting in a container, use a high-quality potting mix that provides good drainage.
Watering:
- Moderate Watering: Water the plant moderately, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. Aspidistra elatior "Variegata" is drought-tolerant and can survive periods of neglect, but regular watering will keep it looking its best. Be careful not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot.
Fertilization:
- Light Feeding: Fertilize with a balanced, diluted liquid fertilizer once a month during the growing season (spring through summer). Avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to brown leaf tips or loss of variegation.
Temperature and Humidity:
- Temperature: Aspidistra elatior "Variegata" prefers temperatures between 50-85°F (10-29°C). It is hardy in USDA zones 7-11 and can tolerate occasional temperature drops, but it should be protected from frost.
- Humidity: This plant tolerates a wide range of humidity levels, but it thrives in moderate to high humidity. If grown indoors, regular misting or placing a humidifier nearby can help maintain the humidity levels.
Pruning:
- Minimal Pruning Required: Pruning is generally not necessary for this plant, but you can remove any yellow or damaged leaves at the base to maintain its appearance. Cleaning the leaves with a damp cloth will help keep them free of dust and allow the variegation to shine.
Pest and Disease Control:
- Resilient to Pests: Aspidistra elatior "Variegata" is highly resistant to most pests, but it can occasionally be affected by scale insects or spider mites. If pests appear, treat them with insecticidal soap or neem oil. The plant is also resistant to most diseases, provided it is not overwatered.
Repotting:
- Repotting: This plant grows slowly and typically only needs repotting every 2-3 years. Repot in spring using fresh soil and a slightly larger pot if the plant has outgrown its current container.
