Flower:

• The flowers of Quercus alba are small and inconspicuous, typical of oak species.
• Male flowers appear in slender, dangling yellow-green catkins that can grow up to 2–4 inches long. These produce pollen in the spring.
• Female flowers are tiny, reddish, and found near the leaf axils. They are less noticeable than the male catkins.
• Flowering occurs in spring, usually in April or May, and coincides with the emergence of new leaves.

Fruit:

• The fruit is a large acorn, about 3/4–1 inch long and 1/2–3/4 inch wide.
• Acorns are enclosed at the base by a shallow, scaly cap (cupule) that covers about 1/4 of the nut.
• When mature, the acorns turn a warm brown color and drop in fall.
• These acorns are an important food source for wildlife such as squirrels, deer, turkeys, and blue jays.

Foliage:

• Leaves are deciduous and deeply lobed, with 5–9 rounded lobes per leaf, giving them a classic oak appearance.
• They are dark green on the upper surface and pale green to whitish underneath due to a waxy coating, which helps with moisture retention.
• Leaves are typically 4–9 inches long and 2–4 inches wide.
• In the fall, the foliage transforms into brilliant shades of red, burgundy, and purple, creating a stunning display.

Quercus alba, commonly known as the White Oak, is a majestic and long-lived deciduous tree native to eastern and central North America. Known for its massive size, stunning fall color, and ecological importance, it is a cornerstone species in its native habitat. With proper care, it can thrive for centuries, providing shade, beauty, and habitat.

Sunlight:

• Thrives in full sun, requiring at least 6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily.
• Can tolerate partial shade, especially during its juvenile stages, but prefers open areas for optimal growth.

Soil:

• Prefers deep, well-drained soil with a loamy or sandy texture.
• Adapts to a range of soil types, including acidic and slightly alkaline soils (pH 5.5–7.5).
• Tolerates clay soils if they are not compacted or waterlogged.

Watering:

• Requires moderate watering, especially during its establishment phase (first 1–2 years).
• Once established, it is drought-tolerant but benefits from supplemental watering during prolonged dry spells.
• Ensure deep watering to encourage a robust root system.

Fertilization:

• Does not require frequent fertilization in nutrient-rich soils.
• If needed, apply a slow-release, balanced fertilizer in early spring to support growth.
• Avoid over-fertilization, as it can lead to weak growth and increased vulnerability to pests.