Camellia japonica

Light Requirements: Prefers partial shade to dappled sunlight. While it can tolerate full sun in cooler climates, providing some shade during the hottest part of the day in warmer regions helps prevent leaf scorch and promotes healthy growth.

Soil Requirements: Thrives in well-draining, acidic soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. Use a soil mix rich in organic matter such as peat moss, pine bark, or compost to improve drainage and fertility.

Watering: Requires consistent moisture, especially during the growing season. Water deeply to ensure the soil remains moist but not waterlogged. Mulching helps retain soil moisture and maintain a cool root environment. Reduce watering in winter to avoid root rot.

Temperature and Humidity: Hardy in USDA zones 7-9. Camellia japonica prefers moderate temperatures and high humidity. Protect from harsh winter winds and frost, especially in colder regions. In very cold climates, consider growing in containers that can be moved indoors during extreme cold spells.

Fertilization: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer formulated for acid-loving plants in early spring. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers. A light feeding after flowering can promote healthy growth.

Pruning: Prune after flowering to maintain shape and remove dead or diseased wood. Light pruning helps encourage bushier growth and better air circulation. Avoid heavy pruning, which can reduce the following year's blooms.

Pests and Problems: Generally pest-resistant but can be susceptible to scale insects, aphids, and spider mites. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal diseases. If pests are detected, treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Root rot can occur if the soil is kept too wet.