Red Louisiana Iris

Iris fulva

$16.00

1 Gallon | Hardiness Zones 4-9

Iris fulva, commonly known as the Copper Iris, is a striking perennial native to the wetlands and floodplains of the southern United States, particularly the Mississippi River Valley. This unique iris species is known for its rich copper-red to orange flowers, which set it apart from other irises with more commonly seen colors. The Copper Iris has a fascinating history and plays an important role in both horticulture and the natural ecosystems where it thrives.

Origins and History

Iris fulva was first described in the early 19th century and has since become an important symbol of the rich biodiversity found in the wetlands of the American South. It is native to the swampy, wetland areas of Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, and parts of Texas, where it thrives in the rich, moist soils. This iris species has adapted to grow in areas that experience seasonal flooding, making it an excellent choice for rain gardens and other water-prone landscapes.

  • Pollination: Iris fulva is pollinated by hummingbirds, which are attracted to its vibrant coppery-red flowers. This unique pollination strategy helps ensure the survival of the species in its native wetland habitats.

  • Conservation Status: The natural habitats of Iris fulva are increasingly threatened by wetland drainage and habitat loss. Conservation efforts are important to preserve this species in the wild, as it is a key component of the ecosystems where it grows.

Pickup available at Aiken Nursery

Usually ready in 2-4 days

PLANT DETAILS

Hardiness Zones: 4 - 9

Soil: Moist and Well-drained

Sun: Full Sun and Part Shade

Seasonal Behavior: Deciduous

Growth Rate: Moderate

Height at Maturity: 18 - 30 Inches

Spread at Maturity: 12 - 18 Inches

Foliage: The leaves are sword-shaped, bright green, and grow in a fan-like arrangement, providing a lush, grass-like appearance.

Flowers: Produces unique copper-red to orange flowers in late spring to early summer. The blooms are 2-3 inches across and have a slightly drooping form, adding a naturalistic touch to the garden.

Copper-red, early summer

Light Requirements: Prefers full sun to partial shade. Iris fulva thrives in full sunlight, which encourages the best flowering. However, it can tolerate partial shade, particularly in hotter climates, but full sun is ideal for optimal blooming.

Soil Requirements: Prefers moist to wet, well-draining soil. This iris is naturally found in wetlands and along riverbanks, so it performs best in consistently moist, rich, loamy soil. It tolerates a wide range of pH levels, from slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0-7.5). Adding organic matter, such as compost, will improve soil structure and moisture retention.

Watering: Requires regular watering, especially during dry periods. Iris fulva prefers consistently moist soil, particularly during the growing season. It can tolerate standing water, making it ideal for rain gardens, pond edges, or other consistently wet areas. However, avoid allowing the soil to dry out completely.

Temperature and Humidity: Hardy in USDA zones 5-9. Iris fulva is well-suited to temperate climates and can tolerate cold winters. It prefers moderate to high humidity, which aligns with its natural wetland habitat.

Fertilization: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring to encourage healthy growth and vibrant flowering. An additional application in mid-summer can help sustain the plant during its active growing season. Organic fertilizers, such as compost or well-rotted manure, are beneficial for maintaining soil fertility and supporting robust growth.

Pruning: Prune lightly after flowering to remove spent blooms and tidy up the plant. Removing dead or damaged leaves helps maintain the plant's appearance and prevents the spread of diseases. In late fall or early winter, trim back any remaining foliage to prepare the plant for dormancy.

Pests and Problems: Generally pest-resistant but may occasionally be affected by iris borers, aphids, or fungal diseases such as leaf spot. Ensuring good air circulation around the plant and avoiding overhead watering can help prevent fungal issues. If pests or diseases are detected, treat with appropriate measures such as insecticidal soap or fungicides.

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