Creeping blueberry runs flat. Vaccinium crassifolium ‘Bloodstone’ makes a dense evergreen mat five to eight inches deep, the trailing stems rooting and swelling into small woody burls wherever they touch ground, so a single plant knits outward year on year into a carpet. The leaves are thick and leathery and hold a semi-gloss, broader and rounder than the species runs, closer in texture to periwinkle than to anything most people picture when they hear the word blueberry. In winter the late-maturing foliage takes on a reddish cast and the stems darken to a distinct red, which is where the name comes from. This is a winter plant, not a spring one, and the color is the whole argument.
The creeping blueberry is the ground-hugging cousin of the fruiting kinds, a low, evergreen, native groundcover of the Carolina coastal plain that trades height for reach. 'Well's Delight' is a North Carolina State University selection from the southeastern corner of that state, named for the late Dr. B.W. Wells, the pioneering North Carolina ecologist, and set apart by small, shiny leaves even finer than the usual for the species. The botanical name crassifolium means thick-leaved, for the firm little evergreen leaves that line the trailing stems.
Darrow's blueberry is the silver-leaved evergreen of the group, a low, fine-textured native of the pine flatwoods and sandy scrub from southern Georgia through Florida to eastern Louisiana. The species honors George M. Darrow, the United States Department of Agriculture scientist whose breeding work built much of the modern blueberry, and the wild plant has passed its own heat tolerance into many of today's Southern highbush cultivars. 'John Blue' is a North Carolina State University selection chosen for looks as much as fruit, and the leaves are the reason.
Darrow's blueberry is the fine-leaved evergreen of the Southern blueberries, a low, glaucous native of the sandy pinelands from Georgia to Florida, named for George M. Darrow, the United States Department of Agriculture scientist whose work built much of the modern blueberry. Most plants carry the usual blue-green foliage, but 'Rosa's Blush' was chosen for something showier: new growth flushed with generous pink tints that light up the shrub, a character strongest in plants from Highlands County, Florida, and noted among several clones in the North Carolina State University breeding program.
Darrow's blueberry is the small-leaved evergreen of the Southern blueberries, a low native of the sandy pinelands of the Deep South, named for George M. Darrow of the United States Department of Agriculture, whose breeding work shaped the modern blueberry. Most plants of the species carry blue-green foliage, but 'Sebring' is a clone Woodlanders found in Highlands County, Florida and selected for the very small, bright green leaves that give the shrub a fine, tidy texture all its own.
Elliott's blueberry is one of the finest of the wild Southern blueberries, a tall, multi-stemmed deciduous native reaching up to ten feet, with slender twigs and small, glossy green leaves. The species honors Stephen Elliott, the early nineteenth-century South Carolina botanist whose Sketch of the Botany of South Carolina and Georgia remains a landmark of Southern natural history. The old country name mayberry nods to the fruit, which ripens early, sometimes as soon as May in the warm South.
Shiny blueberry is the little evergreen groundcover blueberry of the Southern Coastal Plain, a low, dense native rarely more than knee-high, spreading gently by rhizome into a fine, glossy-leaved mat. The species name myrsinites likens the small, lustrous leaves to those of myrtle, and the common name shiny blueberry says the same: the whole plant catches light on foliage barely an inch long.
Vaccinium sempervirens is one of the rarest plants in this catalog, an evergreen blueberry known in the wild from a single sandy corner of Lexington County, in the Sandhills of South Carolina. A true local endemic, the plant grows along Atlantic white cedar bogs and seepage slopes where the water table sits high and the sand stays acid, and to grow one is to hold a small piece of a landscape almost nobody has seen.
Deerberry is the odd one out among the wild Southern blueberries, a loose, variable native shrub of dry, sandy uplands, pinewoods, and old-field edges across the eastern and central United States. The flowers give the plant its botanical name: where most blueberries hide their stamens inside closed urns, deerberry opens wide, greenish-white bells with the yellow stamens thrust well beyond the petals, so the species is stamineum, of the stamens. The common name is plainer still, since deer are as fond of the ripe fruit as any creature in the woods.
Small black blueberry is a low, delicate native of the sandy soils and pine barrens of the Southeastern coastal plain, a slender member of the heath family long gathered from the wild for its fruit. The species name tenellum means dainty or tender, a fair description of the fine stems and small leaves, and the common name points to the little dark berries that ripen almost black in late summer.
'Homestead Purple' is one of the great garden discoveries of the modern South, a trailing perennial verbena found not in a breeding plot but by the side of a Georgia road. In the early 1990s the University of Georgia horticulturists Michael Dirr and Allan Armitage drove past a sheet of royal-purple bloom at an old homestead, turned around, and gathered cuttings from a plant the owner said had simply grown there for years. That roadside find became one of the most popular perennials in American gardens, and the botanists gave the plant the name of the place it was found.
The hybrid that earned a name the hard way. Viburnum 'Lord Byron' is a Southern-bred cross of Viburnum obovatum, Walter's viburnum, with Viburnum rufidulum, the rusty blackhaw, created by the plantsman Paul Cox of the San Antonio Botanical Garden and named for his son.
Mapleleaf viburnum does what almost no other native shrub will do: thrive in dry shade. Most of the eastern American natives that gardeners reach for, serviceberry, red buckeye, sweetshrub, oakleaf hydrangea, want steady moisture and at least a few hours of sun. Viburnum acerifolium is the one that walks into the dry, root-tangled, low-light pocket beneath an established oak or beech and simply gets on with the job. The native range is genuinely vast, from New Brunswick south to Florida and west to Texas and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, in upland forests, rocky slopes, and the edges of bluffs, making this one of the most widespread and most underused native shrubs of eastern North America.
'Pollinator' is a native smooth witherod grown for a specific and useful job: to pollinate the showier fruiting selections of Viburnum nudum, above all 'Winterthur' and 'Brandywine'. The species is not strictly dioecious, but the flowers set fruit far more heavily when a second, genetically distinct clone blooms nearby, and that is exactly what this plant provides.
'Winterthur' is the garden aristocrat of the native smooth witherod, an upright, well-built deciduous shrub selected by the late Hal Bruce at Winterthur Gardens in Delaware and awarded the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society's Gold Medal, the Styer Award, in 1991. The glossy green leaves give the plant clean structure and coverage through the season, then turn deep burgundy and red in fall.
Walter's viburnum is one of the finest small evergreens of the Southern coastal plain, a fine-textured native named for Thomas Walter, the eighteenth-century Carolina planter and botanist who first described the species in his Flora Caroliniana. The botanical name obovatum points to the little obovate leaves, broadest toward the tip, and 'Compactum' gathers all of that into a low, rounded, mounding form densely set with small leaves and smothered in white flowers each spring.
'Mrs. Schiller's Delight' is an excellent dwarf clone of Viburnum obovatum, the fine small-leaved native evergreen known as Walter's viburnum. The clone was selected by our friend Steve Reifler in Florida, who thought the dense little shrub looked like 'Schillings', the widely grown dwarf yaupon holly, and named the plant for a friend whose name happened to sound almost the same. Woodlanders listed this shrub for years as 'Miss Schiller's Delight'; the trade name is 'Mrs.', and the spelling is corrected here.
Few shrubs wear a name as plainly as this one. Odoratissimum is Latin for the most fragrant, the sweetest-scented, and sweet viburnum earns the superlative in late spring, when conical panicles of tiny white flowers open across the canopy and carry a soft, honeyed perfume on warm air. A member of the moschatel family, Adoxaceae, and a cousin of the elders and the arrowwoods, Viburnum odoratissimum ranges as a wild plant from the Himalayan foothills of India through Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam to China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, a broad Asian sweep that hints at the plant's easy adaptability in the warm garden.
A viburnum grown for the leaves rather than the flowers, and one of the rarest evergreens in the American nursery trade. Viburnum propinquum was described by the botanist William Hemsley in 1888 from the temperate forests of China, and the plant ranges through central and southern China, Taiwan, and north to Luzon in the Philippines. The species name comes from the Latin propinquus, meaning near or akin, a botanist's nod to the plant's close kinship with several related Asian viburnums. Woodlanders is among the very few nurseries anywhere to offer the Chinese evergreen viburnum.
Viburnum is the classical Latin name for the wayfaring tree, and prunifolium means plum-leaved, for foliage that could pass for a wild plum at a glance. The English names have piled up over the centuries: blackhaw, stagbush, stagberry, sloe-leaved viburnum, and in some counties nannyberry. The haw in blackhaw is borrowed from hawthorn, which the shrub resembles in flower and in fruit while being no relation at all.
