Flowers:

The flowers of Olea yunnanensis are small, creamy-white, and arranged in loose, fragrant panicles that appear in early summer. While modest in size, the blooms exude a delicate, sweet fragrance, reminiscent of the more commonly known European olive. This subtle yet charming floral display not only adds seasonal interest to the tree but also attracts a variety of pollinators, enhancing its role in the garden's ecosystem.

Fruit:

The fruits of Olea yunnanensis are small, olive-like drupes, typically measuring 1–1.5 cm in length. Initially green, they ripen to a deep purplish-black in late autumn. While edible, the fruits are primarily valued for their ornamental appeal and as a food source for birds and wildlife. In its native range, the fruit may be used for oil extraction or other traditional purposes, though it is less prominent in cultivation for this use.

Foliage:

The evergreen foliage of Olea yunnanensis is one of its most striking features. The leaves are lanceolate, measuring 6–12 cm long and 1.5–3 cm wide, with a smooth, leathery texture. Their upper surface is dark green and slightly glossy, while the underside is paler, often with a subtle grayish or silvery tone that reflects light beautifully. The foliage forms a dense, rounded canopy, offering year-round interest and making the tree an attractive option for both ornamental and practical applications, such as shade or screening.

Planting Instructions:

• Location: Choose a site with full sun to partial shade. Full sun is ideal for optimal growth and flowering.
• Soil: Prefers well-drained, loamy or sandy soil with a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. It can tolerate poor soils but thrives in nutrient-rich conditions.
• Spacing: Allow at least 10–15 feet between trees to accommodate their mature size and ensure good airflow.

Watering:

• Water regularly during the first growing season to help establish a strong root system.
• Once established, Olea yunnanensis is drought-tolerant but benefits from occasional deep watering during prolonged dry spells.
• Avoid waterlogged soils, as they can cause root rot.

Fertilization:

• Feed with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10) in early spring to promote healthy growth.
• Apply compost or organic matter around the base of the tree annually to improve soil fertility.
• Avoid excessive fertilization, which can lead to weak, overly lush growth.

Pruning:

• Prune in late winter or early spring to shape the tree and remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches.
• Minimal pruning is required, as the tree typically forms an attractive, natural shape.
• Remove suckers and unwanted lower branches to maintain a clean trunk if desired.

Temperature and Hardiness:

• Hardy in USDA zones 7–10.
• Can tolerate mild frosts but may require protection in areas where temperatures drop below 20°F.
• Mulch around the base to insulate roots in cooler climates.

Pests and Diseases:

• Generally pest-resistant but may occasionally attract scale insects or aphids. Treat infestations with neem oil or insecticidal soap.
• Ensure proper airflow and avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal issues like leaf spot or powdery mildew.

Propagation:

• Propagate from semi-hardwood cuttings taken in late summer or early autumn.
• It can also be grown from seeds, although this method is slower and less reliable.

Additional Tips:

• Use as a specimen tree, hedge, or screen in Mediterranean or subtropical gardens.
• Pair with drought-tolerant plants like lavender, rosemary, or agave for a cohesive landscape design.
• Its evergreen foliage provides year-round interest, making it an excellent choice for ornamental landscaping.